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CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND MULTINATIONAL OIL CORPORATION; A PANACEA FOR PEACE AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE NIGER DELTA REGION OF NIGERIA. CHAPTER ONE                                                           INTRODUCTION 1.0 Background of the Study           Under the contemporary practice of the multinational oil industry, the license regime is regarded as the basis of the Joint Venture Agreements with their host countries. These agreements define the scope of the rights and obligations of the companies and those of the government. However, as these companies have realized over the years, they are vulnerable to constraints as conflicts arise regarding complex domestic politics between centralized government and local forces pushes corporate social responsibilities beyond the boundaries of legal paraphernalia . The watertight nature of these agreements in defiance of complex extra-legal realities is the dilemma of multinational oil industries . In international petroleu

CHAPTER ONE GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1.1    INTRODUCTION Elections generally are guided by statutory provisions. Not only must the body to take charge of the conduct of the election be established by law, the regulation of the conduct of the election inter alia the registration of voters, the procedure at an election and act that constitute electoral offences as well as determination of election petition arising from election must be matters for which specific provisions are made. Section 153 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 as amended establishes the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) while the Electoral Act 2010 as amended, in the main, regulates the conduct of Federal, States and Federal Capital Territory Area Council Elections. Generally, a law to regulate conduct of election must anticipate complaints arising thereof and institutions for investigation and determination of the complaints. The final determination of any complaint arising from a