CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The concept of stomach infrastructure is not a new entrant into the country’s political lexicon but rather a renewed strategy in the country’s new political dispensation.
Stomach infrastructure is a way of inducing potential voters to support a particular candidate in an election. It may take various forms for instance, distributing food items, money and edibles to the people.
The renewed strategy {stomach infrastructure } crept into the political dictionary in this dispensation after the Ekiti state governorship election of June 21, 2014 when voters were given gifts and other foodstuff to vote in certain direction. Distributing foodstuff during campaigns in Nigeria did not start with the Ekiti election, it has been happening in many parts of the country but it was heightened during and after the Ekiti state election.
Stomach infrastructure is simply the system by which political patronage is dispensed to various groups in a particular society. This patronage can take many, forms. For instance, putting in a good word for the relative of a high ranking party chieftain, approving a contract or an appointment for a close political ally or their relative.
The governor elect, Mr. Ayodele Fayose after his inauguration as the governor of Ekiti state appointed Sunday Omosilade as special adviser on stomach infrastructure in continuation of his welfare policy with the with the people of the state by distributing food items, money, edibles and other essential commodities to the people of the state.
On the other hand Physical Infrastructure is the basic physical, organizational structure and social amenities needed for the operation of a society, enterprise, services and facilities necessary for an economy to function thereby bringing about sustainable and improved living standard of the people.
However, for effective and impactful political leadership, physical infrastructure and stomach infrastructure must be given due consideration by any leader who wants to remain a legend in the hearts of the citizenry. The two are meaningful goals of democracy.
Physical infrastructure refers to the basic physical structures required for an economy to function and survive, such as transportation networks, a power grid and sewerage and waste disposal systems. Viewed by some developmental economists as part of three-pillar system, along with human capital and good governance, physical infrastructure is a prerequisite for trade and other productive activities.
This research will be carried out on Ado Ekiti residents to know their opinion, views, beliefs and attitudes towards the stomach infrastructure scheme.
1.2 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Stomach infrastructure, a new vocabulary quietly crept into the political dictionary in this dispensation. The concept of stomach infrastructure is not an entirely new phenomenon. It has always been there with us, dating back to the days of the pre-independence regional election across the country. Some believe that politicians who appealed to the consciousness of the masses through their stomach always had the upper hand against those who tried to use other measures. From then till now, almost all the elections that have been conducted in the country, irrespective of the level, were won and lost courtesy of the stomach infrastructure.
Moshood K.O Abiola of the Social Democratic Party was able to overcome his opponents and win the highly controversial and subsequently annulled 1992 presidential election by relying on stomach infrastructure.
Stomach infrastructure is simply the system by which political patronage is dispensed to various groups in a particular society. This patronage can take many, many, forms. For instance, putting a good word for the relative of a high ranking party chieftain, approving a contract or an appointment for a close political ally or their relative.However, stomach infrastructure looks down to the people’s immediate needs such as Empowerment programme for unemployed youths and widows, employment opportunities, assistance for the aged, bursary and scholarship awards for students, health foundation to assist the poor, provision of drugs, promotion of workers, agriculture facilities for the rural poor farmers, skill acquisition centers for poor unskilled men and women, loan grants, food relief for the poorest of the poor, borehole in rural communities to solve water scarcity problem, eradication of diseases etc.
A leader could not have satisfied his people if he builds mighty schools and hospitals and yet, the people cannot afford to send their children there and cannot afford the high medical bills of such glorious hospitals. There must be a point of convergence between physical infrastructure and the lowly capacities of the masses. And this is where the concept of stomach infrastructure becomes very pertinent.
While physical infrastructure is the big theory.There are four ways to measure poverty in economics:food poverty , dollar per day poverty , relative poverty , and absolute poverty .
Food poverty is the lack of access to nutritionally adequate diet (41% of Nigerians are in this category). Dollar per day poverty is living below one dollar a day (61.2% of Nigerians when Naira was below 160 to a dollar). Relative poverty is when the individual or family lacks the minimum income to maintain the average standard of living in the society they live in (69% of Nigerians fall in this place). Absolute poverty is when the individual or family are deprived of basic human needs such as food, water, shelter, security, etc (60.9% of Nigerians fall in this category).
Nutrition is a priority; it is the fundamental responsibility of the government of a country to ensure that the physiological and safety needs of its citizen are met. Food as the part of the physiological needs is the most basic in man hierarchy of needs, according to a psychologist, Abraham Maslow. Food is deemed the more important than anything else. It is a precursor to good health. For example when the doctor gives prescriptions to the patient, the doctor always tell the patient to “take this drug three times in a day after food” or something similar.
However, people should not be carried away and turn blind eye to other things that matter. Excessiveness of anything is bad.
At this juncture, it is expedient to examine the concept of stomach infrastructure. Stomach infrastructure is a new lexicon which can be describeas a situation whereby food items, money, edible items and other commodities are distributed to the electorates or a member of a society in other to gain their vote and support. It can also be describe as the system by which political patronage is dispense to various groups in a particular society.
The concept of stomach infrastructure is not an entirely new phenomenon, as said earlier, to some people it was as the result of stomach infrastructure that Moshood M.K. Abiola of the Social Democratic Party was able to warm himself into the heart of many Nigerians which won him the annulled 1992 presidential election.
The victory of governor Ayodele Fayose over the then incumbent governor Dr. Kayode Fayemi in the 2014 Ekiti state governorship election was attributed by many to the love of stomach infrastructure by the people of the state negating physical infrastructure development. The governor of the Ekiti State Mr. Ayodele Fayose after his inauguration continues with the policy of stomach infrastructure.
Against the above background, this research work will access the opinions of Ado Ekiti residents on this stomach infrastructure scheme.
The major concern of this research is to view the opinions of the people of Ekiti State on the introduction of the governor’s new policy {stomach infrastructure} against physical infrastructure after his inauguration as the governor of the state.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Physical and stomach infrastructure must be given due consideration by any leader who wants to remain a legend in the hearts of the citizenry. The two are meaningful goals of democracy and therefore none must be emphasized above the other. The must run concurrently. This is not the case in Ekiti State, the governor dwells more on stomach infrastructure than any social and physical infrastructure. The governor introduced the policy during his election and after his inauguration implements it as a policy in Ekiti State.
Food only meets an immediate, basic and pressing need while adequate physical and social infrastructure as well as stable institution, increase that those pressing need will be meet in future.
This research work will find out the aggregate of individual views, attitudes and belief about stomach infrastructure in Ekiti State and in what way has stomach infrastructure boost the socio-economic of the state?
There are contrary views as regards this scheme. However this study seeks to find out the opinion of Ado Ekiti residents on this issue.
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
i. What are the opinions of Ado Ekiti residents towards stomach infrastructure?
ii. How has stomach infrastructure policy meet the demands and needs of Ado Ekiti residents?
iii. How has stomach infrastructure boost the socio-economic of Ekiti state?
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
i. To know the opinions of Ado Ekiti residents towards stomach infrastructure.
ii. To know whether stomach infrastructure policy meet the demands and needs of Ado Ekiti resident.
iii. To know if stomach infrastructure boost the socio-economic of Ekiti state.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study intends to find out the opinions of Ado Ekiti residents on governor fayose’s stomach infrastructure. Also this study will be able to provide satisfactory answers to some questions like between physical infrastructure and stomach infrastructure which one do the people think should be given more consideration.
The research study will also let the researcher to know if stomach infrastructure met the people’s immediate needs.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study covers mainly Ado Ekiti. Respondents are basically residents in selected areas of Ado Ekiti.
Specifically, the study would find out the opinions of Ado Ekiti residents towards stomach infrastructure.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This research work focuses on the opinion of Ado Ekiti residents toward governor Fayose’s stomach infrastructure. The research work is constrained with limited materials from all sources, books, magazines etc. And non-cooperative attitude of residents and the present harsh economic condition in the country
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
PUBLIC: The word “public” is generally used to refer to a large group of people who share the same common interest.
OPINION: An opinion is a belief that is stronger than a mere notion or impression but less strong than positive knowledge based on complete or adequate proof
PUBLIC OPINION: Public opinion is an aggregate of the individual views, attitudes and belief about a particular topic, expressed by a significant proportion of a given community
INFRASTRUCTURE: Infrastructure refers to structures, system and basic facilities of a country, city or area including the services and facilities necessary to its economy to function.
STOMACH INFRASTRUCTURE: This is a new political lexicon which is simply the system by which political patronage is dispensed to various group in a particular society. This patronage can take any form. For instance, distributing of food items to the people, money or any other edible items to the people to gain their votes during election and their support after election.
ASSESSMENT: This is the act of judging or deciding the amount, value, quality or importance of something.
PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE: This refers to the basic physical structures required for an economy to function and survive such as transportation network, power grids water supply, telecommunications etc.
DEMOCRACY: Democracy is the government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system.
ELECTION: An election is a formal making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public offices.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The concept of stomach infrastructure is not a new entrant into the country’s political lexicon but rather a renewed strategy in the country’s new political dispensation.
Stomach infrastructure is a way of inducing potential voters to support a particular candidate in an election. It may take various forms for instance, distributing food items, money and edibles to the people.
The renewed strategy {stomach infrastructure } crept into the political dictionary in this dispensation after the Ekiti state governorship election of June 21, 2014 when voters were given gifts and other foodstuff to vote in certain direction. Distributing foodstuff during campaigns in Nigeria did not start with the Ekiti election, it has been happening in many parts of the country but it was heightened during and after the Ekiti state election.
Stomach infrastructure is simply the system by which political patronage is dispensed to various groups in a particular society. This patronage can take many, forms. For instance, putting in a good word for the relative of a high ranking party chieftain, approving a contract or an appointment for a close political ally or their relative.
The governor elect, Mr. Ayodele Fayose after his inauguration as the governor of Ekiti state appointed Sunday Omosilade as special adviser on stomach infrastructure in continuation of his welfare policy with the with the people of the state by distributing food items, money, edibles and other essential commodities to the people of the state.
On the other hand Physical Infrastructure is the basic physical, organizational structure and social amenities needed for the operation of a society, enterprise, services and facilities necessary for an economy to function thereby bringing about sustainable and improved living standard of the people.
However, for effective and impactful political leadership, physical infrastructure and stomach infrastructure must be given due consideration by any leader who wants to remain a legend in the hearts of the citizenry. The two are meaningful goals of democracy.
Physical infrastructure refers to the basic physical structures required for an economy to function and survive, such as transportation networks, a power grid and sewerage and waste disposal systems. Viewed by some developmental economists as part of three-pillar system, along with human capital and good governance, physical infrastructure is a prerequisite for trade and other productive activities.
This research will be carried out on Ado Ekiti residents to know their opinion, views, beliefs and attitudes towards the stomach infrastructure scheme.
1.2 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Stomach infrastructure, a new vocabulary quietly crept into the political dictionary in this dispensation. The concept of stomach infrastructure is not an entirely new phenomenon. It has always been there with us, dating back to the days of the pre-independence regional election across the country. Some believe that politicians who appealed to the consciousness of the masses through their stomach always had the upper hand against those who tried to use other measures. From then till now, almost all the elections that have been conducted in the country, irrespective of the level, were won and lost courtesy of the stomach infrastructure.
Moshood K.O Abiola of the Social Democratic Party was able to overcome his opponents and win the highly controversial and subsequently annulled 1992 presidential election by relying on stomach infrastructure.
Stomach infrastructure is simply the system by which political patronage is dispensed to various groups in a particular society. This patronage can take many, many, forms. For instance, putting a good word for the relative of a high ranking party chieftain, approving a contract or an appointment for a close political ally or their relative.However, stomach infrastructure looks down to the people’s immediate needs such as Empowerment programme for unemployed youths and widows, employment opportunities, assistance for the aged, bursary and scholarship awards for students, health foundation to assist the poor, provision of drugs, promotion of workers, agriculture facilities for the rural poor farmers, skill acquisition centers for poor unskilled men and women, loan grants, food relief for the poorest of the poor, borehole in rural communities to solve water scarcity problem, eradication of diseases etc.
A leader could not have satisfied his people if he builds mighty schools and hospitals and yet, the people cannot afford to send their children there and cannot afford the high medical bills of such glorious hospitals. There must be a point of convergence between physical infrastructure and the lowly capacities of the masses. And this is where the concept of stomach infrastructure becomes very pertinent.
While physical infrastructure is the big theory.There are four ways to measure poverty in economics:food poverty , dollar per day poverty , relative poverty , and absolute poverty .
Food poverty is the lack of access to nutritionally adequate diet (41% of Nigerians are in this category). Dollar per day poverty is living below one dollar a day (61.2% of Nigerians when Naira was below 160 to a dollar). Relative poverty is when the individual or family lacks the minimum income to maintain the average standard of living in the society they live in (69% of Nigerians fall in this place). Absolute poverty is when the individual or family are deprived of basic human needs such as food, water, shelter, security, etc (60.9% of Nigerians fall in this category).
Nutrition is a priority; it is the fundamental responsibility of the government of a country to ensure that the physiological and safety needs of its citizen are met. Food as the part of the physiological needs is the most basic in man hierarchy of needs, according to a psychologist, Abraham Maslow. Food is deemed the more important than anything else. It is a precursor to good health. For example when the doctor gives prescriptions to the patient, the doctor always tell the patient to “take this drug three times in a day after food” or something similar.
However, people should not be carried away and turn blind eye to other things that matter. Excessiveness of anything is bad.
At this juncture, it is expedient to examine the concept of stomach infrastructure. Stomach infrastructure is a new lexicon which can be describeas a situation whereby food items, money, edible items and other commodities are distributed to the electorates or a member of a society in other to gain their vote and support. It can also be describe as the system by which political patronage is dispense to various groups in a particular society.
The concept of stomach infrastructure is not an entirely new phenomenon, as said earlier, to some people it was as the result of stomach infrastructure that Moshood M.K. Abiola of the Social Democratic Party was able to warm himself into the heart of many Nigerians which won him the annulled 1992 presidential election.
The victory of governor Ayodele Fayose over the then incumbent governor Dr. Kayode Fayemi in the 2014 Ekiti state governorship election was attributed by many to the love of stomach infrastructure by the people of the state negating physical infrastructure development. The governor of the Ekiti State Mr. Ayodele Fayose after his inauguration continues with the policy of stomach infrastructure.
Against the above background, this research work will access the opinions of Ado Ekiti residents on this stomach infrastructure scheme.
The major concern of this research is to view the opinions of the people of Ekiti State on the introduction of the governor’s new policy {stomach infrastructure} against physical infrastructure after his inauguration as the governor of the state.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Physical and stomach infrastructure must be given due consideration by any leader who wants to remain a legend in the hearts of the citizenry. The two are meaningful goals of democracy and therefore none must be emphasized above the other. The must run concurrently. This is not the case in Ekiti State, the governor dwells more on stomach infrastructure than any social and physical infrastructure. The governor introduced the policy during his election and after his inauguration implements it as a policy in Ekiti State.
Food only meets an immediate, basic and pressing need while adequate physical and social infrastructure as well as stable institution, increase that those pressing need will be meet in future.
This research work will find out the aggregate of individual views, attitudes and belief about stomach infrastructure in Ekiti State and in what way has stomach infrastructure boost the socio-economic of the state?
There are contrary views as regards this scheme. However this study seeks to find out the opinion of Ado Ekiti residents on this issue.
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
i. What are the opinions of Ado Ekiti residents towards stomach infrastructure?
ii. How has stomach infrastructure policy meet the demands and needs of Ado Ekiti residents?
iii. How has stomach infrastructure boost the socio-economic of Ekiti state?
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
i. To know the opinions of Ado Ekiti residents towards stomach infrastructure.
ii. To know whether stomach infrastructure policy meet the demands and needs of Ado Ekiti resident.
iii. To know if stomach infrastructure boost the socio-economic of Ekiti state.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study intends to find out the opinions of Ado Ekiti residents on governor fayose’s stomach infrastructure. Also this study will be able to provide satisfactory answers to some questions like between physical infrastructure and stomach infrastructure which one do the people think should be given more consideration.
The research study will also let the researcher to know if stomach infrastructure met the people’s immediate needs.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study covers mainly Ado Ekiti. Respondents are basically residents in selected areas of Ado Ekiti.
Specifically, the study would find out the opinions of Ado Ekiti residents towards stomach infrastructure.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This research work focuses on the opinion of Ado Ekiti residents toward governor Fayose’s stomach infrastructure. The research work is constrained with limited materials from all sources, books, magazines etc. And non-cooperative attitude of residents and the present harsh economic condition in the country
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
PUBLIC: The word “public” is generally used to refer to a large group of people who share the same common interest.
OPINION: An opinion is a belief that is stronger than a mere notion or impression but less strong than positive knowledge based on complete or adequate proof
PUBLIC OPINION: Public opinion is an aggregate of the individual views, attitudes and belief about a particular topic, expressed by a significant proportion of a given community
INFRASTRUCTURE: Infrastructure refers to structures, system and basic facilities of a country, city or area including the services and facilities necessary to its economy to function.
STOMACH INFRASTRUCTURE: This is a new political lexicon which is simply the system by which political patronage is dispensed to various group in a particular society. This patronage can take any form. For instance, distributing of food items to the people, money or any other edible items to the people to gain their votes during election and their support after election.
ASSESSMENT: This is the act of judging or deciding the amount, value, quality or importance of something.
PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE: This refers to the basic physical structures required for an economy to function and survive such as transportation network, power grids water supply, telecommunications etc.
DEMOCRACY: Democracy is the government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system.
ELECTION: An election is a formal making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public offices.
PLEASE, print the following instructions
and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW
TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the
appropriate amount (#3000) into our bank Account below, send the following
information to our Whatsapp 08061135915 OR bavicola13@gmail.com, edupedia17@gmail.com :
(1) Your project
topics
(2) Email
Address
(3) Payment
Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send the DOWNLOAD
LINK for your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account
Name: Bakare Victor Oladapo
Access Bank 0759882072
First Bank 3077844205
Skye Bank 3023641985
GT Bank 0262146570
Access Bank 0759882072
First Bank 3077844205
Skye Bank 3023641985
GT Bank 0262146570
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people
don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided
“chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you
that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank
Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner
of this website. For your own security, all payment should
be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as
a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of
the owner.
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any
of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist,
direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and
use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials
word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and
we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do
not order/buy.
That you ordered this
material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
Comments
Post a Comment